International Journal of Economics Development Research (IJEDR)

Strengthening Cooperative Business Performance through Human Resource Economics: The Effect of Workload, Work Environment, and Compensation on Employee Productivity

I Ketut Suardika, Putu Riski Budiarta — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the effect of workload, work environment, and compensation on employee performance, both partially and simultaneously, at Koperasi Simpan Pinjam (KSP) Karya Abadi in Buleleng. Employee performance has become a critical focus due to inconsistent achievement of monthly work targets and indications of imbalance between workload and received compensation. Adopting a quantitative approach, the study involved all 30 employees of KSP Karya Abadi as the research sample, using a census sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS 25.0. The findings reveal that workload has a negative and significant effect on employee performance, while work environment and compensation each have a positive and significant effect. Simultaneously, all three variables significantly influence employee performance. These results underscore the importance of balanced workload management, a supportive work environment, and fair compensation as key factors in enhancing employee productivity and, consequently, strengthening cooperative business performance.

Management Strategy for Community Zakat Fund Collection for Sustainable Human Prosperity and Well-Being in Singapore

Muhamad Rahman Bayumi, M. Junestrada Diem, Rizal Alfit Jaya, Eristian Wibisono — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Strategic management in the management of zakat in Singapore has provided a leading breakthrough in encouraging minimal risks from community fund management. Practices that are far from corruption, collusion and nepotism make the fund management institution an institution that is worthy of being adopted. Good zakat fund collection has been proven to have a positive influence on increasing zakat collections in Singapore in the sector of the availability of social services, education facilities, health and employment for the Muslim community. Singapore as the only developed country in Southeast Asia is very appropriate to be a pilot country in various aspects of zakat fund management. This study aims to explore and describe the practice of zakat fund management in Singapore. This study was designed with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews, interviews and observations. The data analysis technique used Miles Huberman with the stages of data collection, data reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions. The findings of this study provide extensive learning about comprehensive zakat fund management that is beneficial for any institution or country in achieving sustainable prosperity and prosperity. This study provides several recommendations for countries and institutions managing community funds in achieving sustainable prosperity and welfare goals.

Strategic Development of Taman Rejeki Group in Advancing Renewable Energy Contributions in Indonesia's Energy Transition

Azan Rahmadian Putra, Utomo Sarjono Putro — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the strategic development of Taman Rejeki Group in achieving its 500 MW renewable energy target by 2030. Using a hybrid methodology that combines PESTLE analysis, Porter’s Five Forces, and scenario planning the research identifies the driving factors and uncertainties influencing the company's renewable energy strategy. The study employs backcasting to work backward from the target goal outlining strategic steps to overcome identified barriers and capitalize on opportunities. The results of this research findings key uncertainties renewable energy in Indonesia such as PPA Terms & Conditions and Political Will are explored with four potential future scenarios developed suggest that Taman Rejeki Group must adopt flexible strategies aligned with these scenarios aggressive expansion in the stark protocol scenario with favorable conditions, efficiency and cash flow protection in the wakanda shield scenario with high-risk PPA, adaptation to sudden changes in the time loop strategy scenario with volatile political climates, and a survival strategy in the dark night plan scenario with regressive policy conditions. These strategies will ensure that the company can navigate varying political, regulatory, and financial environments, driving progress toward the 500 MW target by 2030.

The Influence of Business Legality, Entrepreneurial Mindset, and Digital Transformation on Increasing the Competitiveness of MSMEs in Buleleng Regency

Ketut Suardika, Ketut Fransiska Septiari — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to determine how the influence of Business Legality, Entrepreneurial Mindset and Digital Transformation on Increasing Competitiveness in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Buleleng Regency. This study uses a quantitative approach, with the data collection technique used is a questionnaire distributed with Google Form media and a physical questionnaire assisted by the PLUT KUMKM Buleleng assistant with a Likert scale measuring instrument, where those selected as respondents are MSME owners with a total of 100 business owners. The data analysis technique used in this study is a structural equation model ( Structural Equation Modeling SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS) using the SmartPLS application . The novelty of this study lies in variables that have not been widely studied such as business legality variables, entrepreneurial mindset, digital transformation and competitiveness. In addition, the novelty of this study is that there has not been any research that directly examines the influence of entrepreneurial mindset on increasing the competitiveness of MSMEs. The results of the study indicate that Business Legality, Entrepreneurial Mindset , and Digital Transformation have a positive and significant effect on Increasing the Competitiveness of MSMEs. The research findings indicate that ownership of business legality, entrepreneurial mindset and carrying out digital transformation can increase competitiveness so that MSMEs are able to survive and continue to grow. The results of this study offer insights, valuable suggestions and provide solutions to problems related to increasing the competitiveness of MSMEs. Thus, the research findings can be a guideline for decisions for MSMEs and future government policies to help overcome the problems of MSME competitiveness .

Integrating Economic and Social Values in the Home Industries: A Study on the Implementation of Creating Shared Value (CSV) in the Gadingrejo Tofu Center

Naufal Sinatria, Fitria Fertha Agustina — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the implementation of the Creating Shared Value (CSV) approach in integrating economic and social values within home industries, specifically at the tofu production centre in Gadingrejo. A qualitative approach was employed to investigate the dynamics of collaboration among tofu industry players, farmer groups, local communities, community leaders, and environmental activists in the management of tofu waste into liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). The research findings indicate that cross-sector collaboration can create solutions that not only address environmental pollution issues but also generate economic benefits for local actors. This process forms an interdependent social ecosystem and supports the achievement of several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as sustainable production, food security, and strategic partnerships. This research implies that CSV in the context of home industries is not merely a business strategy but also a driving force for value-based social change, community independence, and environmental sustainability

Strategic Analysis of Executive Competencies and Human Resource Development in the Kaliwatu Group, Batu Tourism City, East Java

Riza Dwi Meidiaputri, Budi Eko Soetjipto, Syihabudin Syihabudin — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This research analyze the skills of staff and the human resource development strategy approaches at Kaliwatu Group, a top adventure tourism company in Bumiaji District, Batu, East Java. The study identifies employee knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs), especially concerning whitewater rafting protocols specified in the Indonesian National Work Competency Standards (SKKNI) No. 62/2009 and No. 60/2024. This study utilizes a qualitative approach that includes interviews, site observations, and competency evaluations. Although most executive team members possess solid knowledge of operations, safety practices, and customer service, there are still gaps in advanced tourism management and regulation updates. The group's human resource strategy actively incorporates internal and external training, certification initiatives, and peer learning. Nevertheless, hiring tends to favour passion over formal qualifications or certifications, leading to inconsistencies in service quality. The results underscore the urgent need for ongoing, structured professional development to close existing competency voids, improve staff performance, and provide sustainable, high-quality tourism services. Suggestions involve enhancing training programs, aligning more closely with national criteria, expanding knowledge-sharing networks among local tourism experts, and collaborating with the local community.

Post-Event Analysis of The Influence of President Donald Trump's Tweet Sentiment on the Abnormal Returns, Trading Volume Activity, and Volatility of S&P 500 Companies

Muhammad Angga Farizki Ar Rasyid — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the impact of tweet sentiment—both positive and negative—and its effect on the day the tweet is posted (event day) and the following day (post-event day) on abnormal return, trading volume activity, and volatility of companies listed on the Standard & Poor’s 500 stock exchange that were directly mentioned in President Donald Trump’s tweets between 2016 and 2019. Using panel data consisting of 326 time series observations and 29 company units, the results indicate a significant positive influence of sentiment on volatility, where positive sentiment tends to reduce market uncertainty. Additionally, there is a delayed effect of time on abnormal return, suggesting that the market responds slowly to information received. These findings support the semi-strong form of the Efficient Market Hypothesis, which posits that investors are capable of processing public information selectively but not operate full alignment when making decisions in the stock market.

Strategic Masterplan for Enhancing Oil Production at the Angsana Field

Willy Dharmawan, Utomo Sarjono Putro — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Angsana Field, one of the major oil and gas fields in Indonesia that is operated by PT TerraNova, has received a national production target from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources to produce up to 108 thousand Barrels Oil Per Day (BOPD) Annual Average (AA) in 2025. This production target proves ambitious, given that the base production from the Angsana Field is only expected to reach around 100 thousand BOPD AA. To bridge the gap of 8 thousand BOPD AA, TerraNova intends to implement a comprehensive production optimization strategy, focused on well work.

In the oil and gas industry, the potential oil gain from the well work strategies is usually evaluated using a deterministic approach via reservoir simulation model. However, this method has its own disadvantage of not fully reflecting the complexity of the actual implementation and uncertainty from subsurface aspect. In this study, the integration of deterministic analysis and Monte Carlo simulation are used to provide a more robust analysis on the potential oil gains from well work strategies. Operations management aspect is also considered to create a realistic strategy that aligns with the company’s objective. The results from the analysis indicate that the 8 thousand BOPD AA gap is highly likely to be achieved by prioritizing Type-C well work technology early in the second quarter 2025.

The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in Factors Influencing MSME Performance Improvement

Mahfud Nugroho, Septian Dwi Cahyo, Sitta Saraya, Fitria Yuni Astuti — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

After the Covid-19 pandemic ended, MSMEs selling online increased. However, price competition in the digital market is very tight, so MSMEs with small capital cannot compete with large companies that have entered the digital market first. The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of using digital marketing, financial inclusion and financial literacy on business performance which is mediated through self-efficacy. This research tests causality through a quantitative approach. The population in this study was 100 MSMEs in Kendal, Indonesia. The sample in this study was selected based on purposive sampling with certain criteria. The data analysis method uses linear regression analysis which is tested statistically via SmartPLS. The results of this research found that the use of digital marketing can influence or improve business performance. The use of digital marketing can also increase the self-confidence of MSMEs in managing their business (self efficacy). Ease of access to use financial products and services (Financial inclusion) can improve business performance. Then the ease of accessing financial products and services can also increase self-confidence to be successful (self-efficacy) in managing a business. Self-efficacy cannot mediate the influence of digital marketing, financial literacy and financial inclusion on business performance

Enhancement of the Role of Islamic Social Finance for Renewable Energy Project Financing in Indonesia

Purnadi Purnadi, Ahmad Afif, Ahmad Rodoni, M. Arief Mufraini, Titi Dewi Warninda — Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Renewable energy, being environmentally friendly, needs to see increased utilisation due to the detrimental effects of fossil fuel usage on human life. The government has promoted the Energy Transition programme, yet the adoption of renewable energy remains limited, primarily due to financing challenges and the economic viability of projects. The government cannot tackle this alone; it requires the support of financing schemes backed by social funds from the community. In this regard, aligning with the objectives of Shariah (maqasid shariah), the role of Islamic Social Finance can be enhanced within the concept of Islamic Blended Finance to fund renewable energy projects that have social and environmental impacts. The aim of this paper is to develop the role of Islamic Social Finance within Islamic Blended Finance and the necessary regulations, making it a feasible financing scheme that can offer an alternative solution to the funding challenges faced by renewable energy projects. Previous research is limited due to the relative novelty of the topic. This study employs a mixed-methodology approach, incorporating literature review supported by secondary data, as well as primary data from interviews with competent informants.

Social Media, Influencers and FOMO : Key Drivers of Generation Z’s Cryptocurrency Investment Behavior

Laury Khana Agricha Irti, Afriza Amir — Thu, 02 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the influence of social media, influencers, and the fear of missing out (FOMO) phenomenon on cryptocurrency investment decisions. In the digital era, social media has become a key channel for information and communication, including in finance and investment. Influencers on platforms such as Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, TikTok, and Facebook often serve as sources of investment recommendations, particularly among Generation Z. At the same time, FOMO drives Generation Z to make investment decisions out of fear of being left behind by emerging trends. This research employs a quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to Generation Z respondents in Medan. The findings reveal that social media, influencers, and FOMO significantly affect investment decisions, with social media exerting the strongest influence in shaping quick and high-risk choices. Overall, the study shows that Generation Z’s cryptocurrency investment decisions are more emotionally driven—through social media, influencers, and FOMO—than based on rational information.

The Effect of Financial Performance and Sustainability Performance on Stock Prices with Earnings Management as a Moderating Variable in the Coal Sub-Sector of Southeast Asia 2022-2024

Nora Arum Armiyani, Marhaendra Kusuma, Miladiah Kusumaningarti — Sun, 05 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the effect of financial performance and sustainability performance on stock prices, as well as to examine the moderating role of earnings management in coal sub-sector companies in Southeast Asia. The study uses secondary data obtained from financial statements and sustainability reports of coal companies in Southeast Asia during the 2018–2022 period with a total of 105 observations. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the assistance of SPSS version 26.The results indicate that financial performance has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, while sustainability performance does not have a significant effect. Furthermore, earnings management is proven to moderate the relationship between financial performance and stock prices positively, but it negatively moderates the relationship between sustainability performance and stock prices. This study contributes to the finance and sustainability literature by integrating financial performance, sustainability performance, and earnings management practices into a single research model within the coal sector in Southeast Asia. Previous studies mostly focused on the direct relationship between financial or ESG performance and stock prices, while this study highlights the role of earnings management as both a strengthening and weakening factor in such relationships. This research provides practical implications for investors to consider not only profitability but also governance transparency in order to avoid information distortion caused by earnings management. For regulators, the findings can serve as a basis for strengthening sustainability reporting requirements in coal companies. For corporate management, the study emphasizes the importance of integrating sustainability with sound governance practices to enhance long-term firm value.

Analyzing Price, Service Quality, and Innovation as Drivers of Patient Satisfaction Through Repurchase Decisions in Hospitals

Epan Setiawan, Gede Sri Darma — Sun, 05 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Several hospitals do various ways to increase public trust in the services provided, one of which is Siloam Hospital Denpasar. This study aims to provide comprehensive insight into the factors that influence patient satisfaction in conducting Medical Check Ups with a focus on aspects of patient experience, price, service quality, location, innovation, and brand image, and how repurchase decisions can mediate these influences. The research design used in this study is a quantitative approach. The results of the study indicate that price, innovation, and brand image have a positive and significant effect on patient satisfaction with medical check ups at Siloam Hospital Denpasar, while patient experience, service quality, and location have a negative effect on patient satisfaction with medical check ups at Siloam Hospital Denpasar. Price, innovation, and brand image have a positive and significant effect on repurchase decisions for medical check ups at Siloam Hospital Denpasar, while patient experience, service quality, and location have a negative effect on repurchase decisions for medical check ups at Siloam Hospital Denpasar. Repurchase decisions are able to mediate the influence of price, innovation, and brand image on patient satisfaction with medical check-ups at Siloam Hospital, Denpasar, but repurchase decisions are not able to mediate patient experience, service quality, and location on patient satisfaction with medical check-ups at Siloam Hospital, Denpasar.

When Digital Marketing Meets e-WOM: Understanding How Purchase Intention Shapes Consumer Decisions at Wahyu Redjo Jewelry, Kediri

Teti Agustin Mustikasari, Brahma Wahyu Kurniawan — Thu, 09 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In this study

Gold jewelry plays a dual role in Indonesia, serving both aesthetic and symbolic functions as a marker of social status and as a reliable investment asset. With the digital transformation, consumer behavior especially among Millennials and Generation Z has shifted significantly: they increasingly rely on online information regarding price, product quality, and brand reputation before committing to a purchase. This study examines factors affecting purchase intention and actual purchase decision at Wahyu Redjo Jewelry’s new store in Kediri, with emphasis on digital marketing strategies and electronic word of mouth (e-WOM). Data were collected via a structured survey of potential customers and analysis of customer reviews. Findings indicate that both strong digital marketing presence and favorable e-WOM significantly enhance purchase intention, which in turn highly correlates with purchase decision. These results suggest that Wahyu Redjo should intensify its digital engagement and leverage positive consumer testimonials to build trust and competitiveness in the local Kediri market

The Role of Trust as an Economic Driver: The Impact of Product Quality and User Experience on Shopee Marketplace Purchases

Ida Ayu Hita Widyasanti, Putu Indah Rahmawati, Ni Luh Wayan Sayang Telagawati — Thu, 09 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine: (1) the effect of product quality on purchasing decisions, (2) the effect of ease of use on purchasing decisions, (3) the effect of trust on purchasing decisions, (4) the effect of product quality on trust, (5) the effect of ease of use on trust, (6) the mediating role of trust on the relationship between product quality and purchasing decisions, and (7) the mediating role of trust on the relationship between ease of use and purchasing decisions. The population of this study consisted of 61 fourth-semester students enrolled in the Master of Management Science Program at Ganesha University of Education. The census method was used to determine the sample, resulting in 61 participants. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results indicate that: (1) product quality has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, suggesting that higher product quality on the Shopee Marketplace increases students' purchasing decisions; (2) ease of use has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, indicating that greater ease of use enhances students' purchasing decisions; (3) trust positively and significantly affects purchasing decisions, meaning that higher trust in the Shopee Marketplace leads to higher purchasing decisions; (4) product quality positively and significantly influences trust, showing that better product quality increases students' trust; (5) ease of use positively and significantly influences trust, implying that easier use enhances students' trust; (6) trust partially mediates the effect of product quality on purchasing decisions, indicating that higher product quality increases trust, which in turn strengthens purchasing decisions; and (7) trust fully mediates the effect of ease of use on purchasing decisions, suggesting that greater ease of use enhances trust, thereby positively influencing purchasing decisions. These findings highlight the critical role of trust as a mediator between product quality, ease of use, and purchasing decisions in the context of the Shopee Marketplace.

Enhancing Teacher Excellence: The Impact of Competency and Work Facilities Mediated by Work Achievement

Komang Ovi Arinda Yanthi, I Putu Agus Adnyana — Thu, 09 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the influence of competence and work facilities on teacher performance through job achievement as an intervening variable among teachers at SMP Negeri 8 Singaraja. The data analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on variance, known as Partial Least Square (PLS) version 3.0. The results indicate that competence has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance, suggesting that higher competence leads to better performance. Work facilities also show a positive and significant impact on performance, implying that adequate facilities help teachers optimize their work. Additionally, competence positively affects job achievement, indicating that competent teachers are more likely to improve their achievements. Work facilities likewise significantly enhance job achievement by supporting teaching activities. Finally, job achievement has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance, confirming that higher achievement leads to better overall performance.

Unveiling Tomorrow's Labor Market: A Data-Driven Forecast of Open Unemployment in Bandung Regency (2025–2029)

Daniel Simamora — Thu, 09 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to project the Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) in Bandung Regency for the 2025–2029 period. Unemployment is a crucial issue that reflects economic health and social welfare, making accurate forecasting a vital instrument for regional development planning. Utilizing annual time-series data of OUR from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) for the period 2007–2024, this research applies the Box-Jenkins methodology through the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The analysis process includes stationarity tests, model identification, parameter estimation, and diagnostic checking. The model selection results, based on the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), indicate that ARIMA(0,1,1) is the most parsimonious model. The resulting projection indicates a very significant downward trend in the OUR, from 6.36% in 2024 to 3.21% in 2029. Although this projection is highly optimistic, the volatility of the historical data and the univariate nature of this model imply that the realization of this trend is highly dependent on economic stability and the effectiveness of sustained policies to address structural employment issues.

Keywords: Forecasting, Unemployment, ARIMA, Bandung Regency

The Moderating Effect of Firm Size on The Influence of Ownership Structure on Earnings Management Practices

Ida Ayu Reindivtia, Dewa Gede Wirama — Thu, 09 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Earnings management refers to the choice of accounting policies or real actions taken by manager to influence earnings in order to achieve specific reported earnings numbers. This study aims to examine the effect of ownership structure on earnings management practices and to analyze the role of firm size as a moderating variable. The theory employed in this study is agency theory. The research was conducted on all manufacturing companies in the consumer goods sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2021-2023. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method, resulting in 52 companies that met the criteria, with a total of 156 observations. The data analysis technique used in this study is moderated regression analysis. The results show that institutional ownership, foreign ownership, and public ownership have negative effects on earnings management. Firm size weakens the negative effect of institutional ownership and public ownership on earnings management. However, firm size does not moderate the relationship between foreign ownership and earnings management. The findings of this study highlight the importance of ownership structure as an effective monitoring mechanism especially for larger firms. These results can serve as a consideration for stakeholders in enhancing corporate governance and monitoring effectiveness.

Analysis of Client Importance and Workload in Predicting Fraud Behavior in Local Government

Fitria Fertha Agustina, Andi Mulyono — Fri, 10 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the relationship between client importance and workload in predicting fraudulent behavior by emphasizing the role of client frequency and reputation, work time and volume, productivity level, auditor knowledge, and doubtful attitudes. Located in a local government, the study highlights how these constructs influence fraudulent behavior. Using a questionnaire and analyzed with multiple linear regression, this study shows that client importance and workload can predict fraudulent behavior. Clients who frequently interact and communicate with auditors motivate auditors to be more thorough and meticulous in conducting audits. However, this effect will not occur if auditors have limited working hours with a large volume of work, resulting in decreased audit productivity and potentially leading to accounting irregularities. This finding also provides the view that when auditors are easily convinced and believe what others say, fraud will be easier to commit, so auditors must have a doubtful attitude towards clients.

Credit Risk Management Strategy in Clothing Installment Business to Maintain Social Value and Business Sustainability

Lelita Febriayu, Atika Atika, Nursantri Yanti — Sun, 12 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the risk management strategies for non-performing loans (NPLs) in informal clothing instalment businesses in rural areas, focusing on the role of social values and the adaptation of the 5C theory. Using a qualitative embedded case study, research was conducted on a 15-year-old clothing installment enterprise in Padang Langkat Village serving 72 customers from vulnerable households. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, 12 weeks of participant observation, and analysis of instalment records, WhatsApp chats, and collection photos. The results showed ex-ante strategies in the form of customer selection based on social reputation, evaluation of informal payment capacity, and structured manual recording. Ex-post strategies included a familial approach, phased collection, personal visits, and instalment restructuring. Social capital in the form of trust, norms, and social networks played a role in replacing formal collateral and reducing NPLs by up to 6.9%. The conceptual contribution of this research is the social adaptation of the 5C theory, with an emphasis on Character and Conditionfactors, while Collateral is replaced by social security, emphasizing the importance of local cultural context in the sustainability of informal micro-enterprises.

Adapting Traditional Communication Through Banner Design: The Role of Village Government Media in the Digital Disruption Era

I Dewa Putu Pasnadi Putra, Ni Made Ary Widiastini, Komang Krisna Heryanda — Sun, 12 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Werdhi Bhuwana Village, located in Mengwi District, Badung Regency, serves as an example of a rural community in Badung that continues to rely on conventional media such as banners and billboards as visual communication tools to disseminate information to its residents. The use of billboards in strategic locations—such as in front of the village office, at major intersections, and in other public spaces—remains common and serves as a primary medium for conveying information about village programs and governmental achievements. This phenomenon indicates that, despite the rapid development and dominance of digital media, printed visual media such as banners have not been entirely replaced. This situation calls for concrete and measurable solutions from the Werdhi Bhuwana Village Government. By implementing the solutions proposed in this study, it is expected that banners will not only persist but also improve in effectiveness and relevance as modern communication tools amidst the current digital disruption. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, chosen to provide an in-depth and contextual understanding of the existence and effectiveness of banner (billboard) design utilized by the Werdhi Bhuwana Village Government as an information medium for the community.

The Influence of Foreign Exchange Reserves, GDP per Capita, Exchange Rate, Degree of Openness, Budget Deficit, and Current Account Balance on Indonesia’s External Debt during the Period 1990–2023

Regina Alya Haura, Yuni Prihadi Utomo — Mon, 13 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the influence of Foreign Exchange Reserves, Gross Domestic Product per Capita, Exchange Rate, Degree of Openness, Fiscal Deficit, and Current Account Balance on Indonesia’s External Debt during the period 1990–2023. This study employs a quantitative research approach using time series data. The data analysis technique applied is Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression. The research results indicate that the exchange rate has a significant positive effect on external debt. This suggests that a weakening rupiah leads to an increase in external debt because the repayment burden is dominated by foreign currency. Conversely, the budget deficit and current account balance have a significant negative effect on external debt. This implies that when a fiscal deficit occurs, external financing is required to cover the deficit, which in turn will increase external debt. Meanwhile, Foreign Exchange Reserves, Gross Domestic Product per Capita, and Degree of Openness are found to have no significant effect on External Debt. This indicates that during this period, the three variables did not have a direct role in determining fluctuations in External Debt. Indonesia’s external debt remains a structural issue influenced by the depreciation of the rupiah, fiscal deficits, and a weak current account balance. Dependence on external financing increases the risk of debt burdens, particularly when the rupiah depreciates. The government needs to strengthen exchange rate stability, enhance domestic revenue, and improve the current account balance through export promotion and import control. Debt management should be productive, transparent, and accountable to ensure sustainable economic development and fiscal stability.

Influencer Marketing and Its Effectiveness in Shaping Consumer Purchase Intentions

Tirta Mulyadi, Eko Wahyu Widayat, Siti Nurhayati — Tue, 14 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Influencer marketing has become one of the most powerful strategies in the digital era for shaping consumer purchase intentions. This article review examines studies published between 2020 and 2025 to explore how influencers affect consumer attitudes, brand perceptions, and purchasing decisions. The review identifies three core drivers of effectiveness: the credibility and authenticity of influencers, the depth of consumer engagement on social media platforms, and the mediating role of brand trust, loyalty, and emotional connection. It also highlights the growing importance of value-driven strategies such as ethical and sustainable marketing in strengthening positive purchase intentions. Moreover, the integration of influencer strategies with interactive tools such as live commerce, affiliate marketing, and content variety-seeking behaviors has shown significant potential in enhancing consumer responses. The findings emphasize the need for brands to align influencer selection and campaign design with evolving consumer expectations. The review concludes that influencer marketing is highly effective in shaping purchasing decisions but calls for further longitudinal and cross-cultural research to understand its long-term impacts and sustainability.

The Effect of Dividend Policy on Firm Value in the Era of Global Economic Uncertanty

PA Andiena Nindya Putri, Fitriningsih Amalo, Mekar Meilisa Amalia — Wed, 15 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Global economic uncertainty, heightened by events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical tensions, and volatile commodity prices, has reshaped the dynamics between dividend policy and firm value. This article review synthesizes studies published from 2020 onward that investigate how dividend payout decisions influence firm valuation across diverse industries and markets during periods of heightened uncertainty. The review highlights that while traditional dividend theories such as signaling, bird-in-hand, and agency cost hypotheses remain relevant, recent evidence suggests that market reactions to dividend changes have become more sensitive to macroeconomic volatility and investor sentiment. Many firms facing liquidity constraints opted for dividend cuts or suspensions, which often triggered negative short-term valuation effects but supported long-term resilience and investment capacity. Conversely, firms maintaining stable dividends tended to signal financial robustness, mitigating investor anxiety and enhancing firm value despite uncertain conditions. The review also identifies moderating roles of corporate governance, ownership structure, and ESG practices in shaping this relationship. By integrating these findings, the article underscores the importance for managers and policymakers to adapt dividend strategies to evolving global risks, balancing shareholder returns with financial flexibility and sustainable growth objectives.

Driving Workforce Productivity of Banking Employee : The Moderating Role of Motivation in the Work Environment

Putu Putri Indah Sriani, Komang Krisna Heryanda, Putu Putri Indah Sriani — Wed, 15 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the influence of the work environment on employee productivity, with work motivation acting as a moderating variable at BPD Bali Bank. A quantitative approach was employed using data collected from 63 employees through a Likert-scale questionnaire. The analysis was conducted using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The findings indicate that a supportive work environment positively affects employee productivity, and that work motivation strengthens this relationship. These results highlight the importance of integrating motivational strategies—such as training, reward systems, and career development programs—with efforts to improve the work environment. Enhancing both factors simultaneously can contribute to higher levels of employee productivity and overall organizational performance.

Job Satisfaction as a Mediator of the Effect of Work Motivation and Work Environment on Employee Performance

Christopel Berlianto, Putu Indah Rahmawati, Komang Krisna Heryanda — Fri, 17 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the influence of work motivation and work environment on employee performance, with job satisfaction serving as a mediating variable at PT Kona Bay Indonesia, a global aquaculture breeding enterprise. The research employs a quantitative approach using primary data collected through structured questionnaires distributed to employees. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through SmartPLS 4 software to test both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results reveal that work motivation and work environment each have positive and significant effects on job satisfaction and employee performance. Furthermore, job satisfaction has a strong and significant impact on employee performance, acting as a partial mediator between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The mediation test using the Variance Accounted For (VAF) method shows that job satisfaction explains 39.51% of the effect of work motivation on performance and 41.14% of the effect of work environment on performance, confirming partial mediation in both relationships. These findings highlight that motivated employees who operate in a supportive work environment tend to experience higher job satisfaction, which subsequently enhances their productivity and overall performance. The study contributes theoretically by validating the mediating role of job satisfaction and practically by emphasizing the importance of motivational programs and workplace improvements to strengthen employee engagement and performance.

Strategic Approaches to Improving Service Quality at Hospital

Alfian Prayoga, Mala Sondang Silitonga — Sat, 18 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to formulate strategic recommendations for enhancing the service quality of RSUD Ciawi. Despite its strategic location and status as a primary referral center in Bogor Regency, RSUD Ciawi faces critical internal challenges, evidenced by low compliance rates with several National Quality Indicators (INM) (Permenkes No. 30/2022) and persistent public complaints regarding service responsiveness and reliability. This research employs a qualitative descriptive case study method utilizing SWOT analysis (Input, Matching, and Decision stages) and the SERVQUAL model dimensions (Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy) to identify influencing factors and define actionable strategies. Key data were collected through interviews with key informants and document analysis. The findings reveal a critical lack of staff compliance in crucial clinical protocols, notably Hand Hygiene (53%–69% compliance), Use of Personal Protective Equipment (APD) (65%–81%), and Adherence to Clinical Pathways (25%–49%). Systemic weaknesses also include complicated administrative processes for emergency procedures (C-Section) and capacity limitations (inpatient beds). The resultant strategy focuses on integrated digitalization (RME/Clinical Pathway), strict disciplinary enforcement, and simplification of emergency service procedures to mitigate financial and reputational risks.

Analyzing the Economic Effects of Electronic Word of Mouth and Brand Image on Impulsive Buying through Crowd Attractiveness

Bunga Nailul Kamila W, Brahma Wahyu Kurniawan — Sat, 18 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In this study, The development of the fast-food culinary industry in Indonesia has shown significant growth in line with the increasingly practical lifestyle of society. Fast food, particularly crispy chicken, has become a popular choice due to its convenience and taste. The intense competition in the culinary business, especially in shopping centers, drives entrepreneurs to create strategies that attract consumer interest. One of the consumer behaviors often utilized is impulsive buying, which refers to unplanned purchasing decisions influenced by environmental stimuli. Factors such as product appearance, promotions, electronic word of mouth (e-WOM), brand image, and crowd attraction play an important role in shaping this behavior. e-WOM contributes to forming initial consumer expectations, while brand image builds positive perceptions of the product. However, both require the support of crowd attraction as a mediating variable, functioning as a social cue that strengthens consumer confidence in making impulsive purchases. This study focuses on PokPok My Crispy Snack at Kediri Mall, which has established a strong reputation in the fast-food industry. The findings are expected to provide insights into the factors influencing impulsive buying behavior in the modern culinary business.

Value Co-Creation through Service Interaction Quality: Evidence from Engagement, Communication, and Revisit Intention in Mandalika SEZ

Egista Syiarul Islam, Muhammad Mujahid Dakwah — Sat, 18 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates how customer engagement and marketing communication influence revisit intention through the mediating role of service interaction quality in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ), Indonesia. The research aims to explain how customer engagement and marketing communication are translated into revisit intention through high-quality, reciprocal, and trust-based service interactions. Theoretically, this study contributes to the extension of the Service-Dominant Logic by identifying service interaction quality as an operant resource that enables value co-creation between tourists and service providers. Practically, the findings offer insights for destination managers and policymakers to strengthen interaction-driven strategies that foster repeat visitation and sustainable tourism competitiveness. Data were collected from 204 tourists who had visited Mandalika within the past 12 months using purposive sampling and analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that customer engagement and marketing communication significantly enhance service interaction quality. However, only marketing communication exerts a direct effect on revisit intention, while customer engagement influences it indirectly through interaction quality. These findings highlight that engagement and communication must be supported by high-quality service interactions to generate destination loyalty, emphasizing the importance of culturally adaptive and community-based exchanges in emerging tourism destinations.

The Mediating Role Of Career Development on The Relationship Between Performance Evaluation and Training Management Toward Job Satisfaction

Abid Khoiril Waaritsa, Ihwan Susila — Sat, 18 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the effect of performance evaluation and training management on job satisfaction mediated by career development among Tenggir Park employees. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed online to respondents aged 20–35 years in the Soloraya region. The sample was determined using purposive sampling, and data analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method with SmartPLS 4 software. The research model included performance evaluation and training management as independent variables, career development as a mediating variable, and job satisfaction as the dependent variable. The measurement model was assessed through validity and reliability testing, while the structural model evaluated the relationships among constructs using R² and Q² values. The results show that both performance evaluation and training management have a positive and significant effect on career development and job satisfaction. Furthermore, career development positively and significantly influences job satisfaction and mediates the relationship between performance evaluation, training management, and job satisfaction. These findings indicate that effective performance evaluation and well-managed training programs enhance employees’ career development and overall job satisfaction.

Determining the Trade Value of Indonesian Lobster Exports to Destination Countries in 2018–2023

Azizah Pingki Herlina, Wuryaningsih Dwi Lestari — Sun, 19 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the effect of financial management on profitability in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) producing woven bags in Sukowiyono Village, Ngawi. Financial management variables are measured using Break Even Point (BEP) and profit margin, while profitability is proxied by Return on Assets (ROA), gross profit, and net profit. The research method employs a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis processed through SPSS. The results show that simultaneously, BEP and profit margin have no significant effect on ROA profitability; however, partial tests indicate that BEP has a significant negative effect, while profit margin has a significant positive effect. These findings suggest that BEP functions as a cost planning tool, whereas profit margin is the dominant factor in increasing profit. Analysis of net profit also reveals that profit margin contributes more significantly than BEP to improving profitability. Although the research model is able to explain almost all variations in profitability, there are external factors not included in the analysis. The limitations of this study include the use of only one SME as the research object and a relatively short data period. Therefore, future research is expected to cover more SMEs and include additional variables to produce more representative results.

Organizational Cynicism, Engagement Climate, and Job Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment in Manufacturing Industry Sectors

Fatma Aulia Qasanah, Irmawati Irmawati — Mon, 20 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the influence of organizational cynicism dimensions and organizational climate engagement on job satisfaction, mediated by organizational commitment across various manufacturing sectors in Indonesia. This study used a quantitative method with a saturated sampling technique involving 100 manufacturing employee respondents. Data were collected using a Likert Scale questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) with the aid of SmartPLS software. The results indicate that organizational engagement has a significant positive effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Furthermore, organizational commitment plays a significant role in mediating the influence of engagement climate on job satisfaction. However, organizational cynicism did not significantly influence job satisfaction or organizational commitment.

The Effect of Self-Efficacy and Interest on Career Decisions with Achievement Motivation as a Mediating Variable on Generation Z in Surakarta

Muthiara Nur Haliza, Irmawati Irmawati — Mon, 20 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the influence of self-efficacy and interest on career decisions of Generation Z in Surakarta, with achievement motivation as a mediating variable. Using quantitative methods with SmartPLS analysis, this study involved 100 Generation Z respondents. The results showed that self-efficacy had a significant positive effect on career decisions, while interest had no direct effect. Achievement motivation was shown to mediate the relationship between self-efficacy and interest on career decisions. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening self-efficacy and achievement motivation so that Generation Z can make appropriate career decisions.

Analysis of Situational Leadership and Financial Compensation on Employee Performance Mediated by Motivation

Razita Sabrina Filzah, Ihwan Susila — Mon, 20 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to investigate the effects of situational leadership and financial compensation on employee performance, with motivation as a mediating variable. A quantitative approach was employed, using structured questionnaires distributed to employees at dealerships in the Soloraya area. The sample was selected purposively based on criteria such as employment status, age (21–35), and residence, yielding at least 50 respondents. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) in SmartPLS 4.0, including assessments of validity, reliability, multicollinearity, and structural relationships through R², Q², t-tests, and path coefficients. The results indicate that situational leadership positively and significantly influences motivation, while financial compensation positively and significantly affects both employee performance and motivation. However, motivation does not significantly impact employee performance and cannot mediate the effects of situational leadership or financial compensation. These findings suggest that organizations should focus directly on leadership practices and compensation structures to enhance performance. Future research may explore additional variables, broader geographic contexts, or qualitative methods for deeper insight into the interplay between leadership, compensation, motivation, and performance.

Driving the Cashless Economy: The Influence of QRIS Utilization on Consumer Purchase Intention in Surakarta

Novi Puspita Sari, Eskasari Putri — Mon, 20 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the influence of payment technology, non-cash payment, purchase intention, and community interest on the use of the Quick Response Code Indonesia Standard (QRIS) among the people of Surakarta. The research employs a quantitative approach with primary data collected through an online questionnaire during the 2021–2023 period. The sample was obtained using cluster random sampling, involving Surakarta residents who had used QRIS at least once and exhibited a high level of purchase intention. The dependent variable is QRIS usage, while the independent variables include payment technology, non-cash payment, purchase intention, and community interest. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression after validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests. The findings indicate that payment technology, non-cash payment, purchase intention, and community interest significantly affect QRIS usage. This study provides empirical insights into the factors driving QRIS adoption in Surakarta and serves as a foundation for future research in other regions.

Fostering Innovative Work Behavior Through Ethical Leadership and Organizational Culture: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction

Dian Kusumawati, Dewie Tri Wijayati Wardoyo, Andre Dwijanto Witjaksono — Tue, 21 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the effect of ethical leadership style and organizational culture on employees’ innovative work behavior, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable. The research is grounded in the growing need for moral leadership and a supportive work culture to enhance organizational competitiveness amid rapid environmental changes. A quantitative approach with a survey method was employed, involving 76 employees of the UPTD Jagir Community Health Center in Surabaya City. Data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique with the assistance of SmartPLS software. The findings reveal that both ethical leadership style and organizational culture have a significant positive effect on employees’ innovative work behavior. Furthermore, job satisfaction plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between ethical leadership style, organizational culture, and innovative work behavior. These results indicate that employees’ innovative behavior is not only shaped by ethical leadership and organizational culture but is also strongly influenced by their level of job satisfaction. The study provides practical implications for organizational management, emphasizing the importance of strengthening ethical values in leadership and cultivating a work culture that fosters creativity and job satisfaction.

Work Motivation as a Mediator of the Relationship between Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Personnel Performance: Evidence from the Indonesian Navy

Tue, 21 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to determine the influence of transformational leadership and organizational culture on personnel performance with work motivation as a mediator. This study adopts a quantitative approach through a survey method to test the hypothesis regarding the relationship between transformational leadership, organizational culture, work motivation, and personnel performance. The results of the study indicate that transformational leadership does not influence personnel performance even through work motivation. However, organizational culture and work motivation positively influence personnel performance. Additionally, organizational culture positively influences personnel performance through work motivation. Recommendations for future research include expanding the variables that may influence performance, such as work environment, competence, or job satisfaction, to obtain a more comprehensive understanding.

Green Marketing Mix Based on Digitisation: A Strategy for Revitalising Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Medan City After the 2024 Elections

Tue, 21 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyse the impact of the digitalisation-based Green Marketing Mix on the revitalisation strategy of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Medan City after the 2024 elections. The research approach uses a quantitative method with a survey of 120 MSME actors, as well as qualitative depth through semi-structured interviews to obtain in-depth perspectives on the implementation of green digital strategies. The results show that the components of the Green Marketing Mix, including environmentally friendly products, pricing, digital promotion, and digital-based distribution, have a significant effect on MSME revitalisation, particularly in terms of increasing competitiveness, operational efficiency, and consumer engagement. Qualitative analysis reveals that marketing digitalisation enables MSMEs to penetrate broader markets, reduce costs, and strengthen their sustainable business image. These findings emphasise the importance of integrating green strategies and digitalisation as a solution for revitalising MSMEs after major political events, and provide practical implications for the development of government policies and business actors to improve local economic sustainability.

Economic Determinants of Visitor Satisfaction: The Role of Social Media, Price Perception, and Service Quality at Villa Kintamani Gold View

Ira Rahayu, Ni Made Sri Ayuni — Wed, 22 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Social media, price, and service quality are factors that can influence visitor satisfaction at Villa Kintamani Gold View. Reliable social media can have a positive impact on Villa Kintamani Gold View, ultimately benefiting the management through increased visitor satisfaction. Providing the best service quality to visitors will certainly lead to higher levels of visitor satisfaction. This study aims to determine the extent to which social media, price, and service quality affect visitor satisfaction. The research is causal in nature and employs a quantitative approach. The purposive sampling method was used to collect a sample of 85 respondents from the population. The findings indicate that social media, price, and service quality have a positive and significant impact on visitor satisfaction.

The Role of Financial Technology Use and Women Entrepreneur Empowerment in Developing Entrepreneurial Competence and Business Performance of MSMEs in Medan City

Wed, 22 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyse the influence of Women Entrepreneurs Empowerment and the Use of Financial Technology on Business Performance and the Development of Entrepreneurial Competence in MSMEs. The research method used is quantitative with data collection through questionnaires distributed to MSME actors, then analysed using linear regression. The results show that women's empowerment has a significant effect on business performance and entrepreneurial competency development, while the use of financial technology has a significant effect on business performance but no effect on entrepreneurial competency development. These findings emphasise the importance of women's empowerment as a key strategy in improving entrepreneurial skills and business performance, as well as the need for the appropriate use of financial technology to support business performance. This study has implications for MSME actors, the government, and related institutions in designing training programmes, mentoring, and digital facilities to increase women's empowerment and the effective use of financial technology in the MSME sector.

The Contribution of Fintech to Strengthening SME Financing Access: Evidence from Majene Regency

Fajar Rakasiwi Syamsuddin, Samsuardi Said, Dian Rahmayanti Riva'i, Anfas Anfas — Wed, 22 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The rapid growth of financial technology (fintech) has brought significant changes to access to financing for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia, particularly in areas with limited conventional banking services. This study aims to analyse the impact of fintech on improving SME access to financing in Majene Regency, West Sulawesi. Using a mixed methods approach, quantitative data was collected from 165 SME actors through structured questionnaires, while qualitative data was obtained through in-depth interviews with selected informants. The variables examined included ease of use, fintech service features, and access to financing, which were analysed using multiple linear regression (SPSS 27) and thematic analysis (NVivo). The results showed that ease of use and fintech service features had a significant positive effect on SME access to financing. The majority of respondents stated that fintech applications—especially QRIS and digital wallets—greatly facilitated transactions and business management. However, there are still obstacles in the form of uneven digital literacy and unstable network infrastructure, so that the use of digital financing features is not yet optimal. This study concludes that the development of inclusive and user-friendly fintech solutions, accompanied by broader digital literacy programmes, is crucial to maximising the role of fintech in supporting regional SMEs. These findings have important implications for fintech providers, local governments, and policymakers in designing effective strategies to strengthen SME growth through digital financial inclusion.

Resolving Conflicts, Sustaining Livelihoods: A Fisheries Resource Management Model for Enhancing Fishermen’s Welfare

Tika Nisari, Juliana Pebrina Siburian, Tirta Anugerah, Shofian Nanda Adiprayoga — Wed, 22 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyse the effect of capture fisheries resources and conflict resolution on fishermen's welfare in the coastal area of Sibolga City, as well as to explore the moderating role of conflict resolution in the relationship between capture fisheries resources and fishermen's welfare. The study used a quantitative approach with data collection through questionnaires administered to active fishermen in coastal areas, and analysed using linear regression and moderation tests. The results showed that capture fisheries resources and conflict resolution had a significant effect on fishermen's welfare, but conflict resolution did not act as a moderating variable between capture fisheries resources and fishermen's welfare. These findings emphasise the importance of effective fisheries resource management and conflict resolution strategies as efforts to improve fishermen's welfare. This study has implications for the government and related institutions to strengthen fisheries resource management, improve conflict resolution capacity, and design sustainable development programmes that support the welfare of coastal communities.

Linking Performance, Policy, and Supervision to Revenue Growth in Public Roadside Parking Services: Evidence from Buleleng Regency

Made Risky Adimahendra, Fridayana Yudiaatmaja, Made Ary Meitriana — Wed, 22 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the effect of performance, policy, and supervision on retribution revenue in Buleleng Regency. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 110 employees of the local Department of Transportation responsible for managing public parking services. The study employed multiple linear regression analysis to test the influence of the independent variables—performance, policy, and supervision—on the dependent variable, retribution revenue. Reliability and validity tests confirmed that the research instruments were consistent and accurate. Classical assumption tests, including normality, multicollinearity, and heteroskedasticity, indicated that the regression model met the necessary criteria. The results of the t-test show that each independent variable has a significant positive effect on retribution revenue, with performance having the strongest influence, followed by supervision and policy. The F-test results further confirm that all independent variables collectively impact retribution revenue. The coefficient of determination (Adjusted R² = 0.647) indicates that 64.7% of the variance in retribution revenue can be explained by the independent variables, while the remaining 35.3% is influenced by other external factors. This study concludes that improving employee performance, implementing strategic policies, and enhancing supervision are essential for increasing retribution revenue. The findings provide practical implications for local government management and suggest directions for future research to include broader contexts, qualitative insights, and the integration of predictive analytics in revenue optimization.

How Leverage, Profitability, Profit Persistence, Capital Intensity, and Litigation Risk Influence Accounting Conservatism

Wahyu Bagas Widiatmoko, Fatchan Achyani — Wed, 22 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to examine the effect of Leverage, Profitability, Earnings Persistence, Capital Intensity, and Litigation Risk on Accounting Conservatism in technology sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period. The research approach used is quantitative with multiple regression analysis to determine the effect of each independent variable on the dependent variable. The results of the study indicate that Leverage, Earnings Persistence, and Capital Intensity do not affect accounting conservatism. This indicates that the level of debt, profit stability, and the size of fixed assets are not determining factors in the application of the principle of conservatism by companies. On the contrary, Profitability and Litigation Risk have a significant effect on accounting conservatism. The higher the level of profitability, the lower the company's tendency to apply conservatism. Meanwhile, the greater the risk of litigation faced, the higher the application of accounting conservatism as a form of prudence. These findings imply that external factors, such as legal risk, play a more significant role in driving corporate conservative practices than internal factors, such as financial structure and assets.