Implementation of the Papua Special Autonomy Policy to Improve the Welfare of the Indigenous Papuan Community in Papua Province
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37385/ijedr.v5i2.4857Keywords:
Implementation, Public Policy, Special Autonomy, Increasing WelfareAbstract
This research analyzes the implementation of special autonomy policies to improve the welfare of indigenous Papuans in Papua Province. The Papua region is the region with the highest poverty rate among the 38 provinces in Indonesia, but the poverty rate in the region is still stagnant. Even though special autonomy has been implemented for 20 years with a transfer of APBN funds of 1.25% from 2001 to 2020 through Law No. 21 of 2001, and increased to 2.25% from 2021 to 2041 through Law No. 2 of 2021 concerning Special Autonomy for Papua, but the government has not succeeded in improving the welfare of the indigenous Papuan people due to inconsistencies, conflicts and less firm policies. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach. Primary data collection techniques used include interviews, observation and documentation. The documents required by researchers include related laws and regulations, data archives from Papua regional government offices, and other relevant data. Based on research results, during the treatment of special autonomy in Papua it has not reduced the poverty rate and improved the welfare of indigenous Papuans for twenty years. Then the results of data analysis related to the implementation of the Papua special autonomy policy to improve the welfare of the people in Papua Province, are divided into two dimensions, namely: The "content" dimension includes aspects: interests affected, types of benefits, level of change, location of decision making, program implementation, and resource availability. The research suggestion is for political and power stakeholders in Indonesia that the implementation of Papua's special autonomy policy to improve the welfare of indigenous Papuans requires strict supervision, mutual trust, open dialogue, public consultation, and reducing top-down policies and implementing policies that bottom-up based.
References
Ananta, A., Utami, D. R. W. W., & Handayani, N. B. (2016). Statistics on ethnic diversity in the land of Papua, Indonesia. Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies, 3(3), 458-474.
Bouckenooghe, D., Devos, G., & Van Den Broeck, H. (2009). Organizational change questionnaire–climate of change, processes, and readiness: Development of a new instrument. The Journal of psychology, 143(6), 559-599.
Cahn, M. A. (2012). Institutional and noninstitutional actors in the policy process. Public policy: The essential readings, 2, 199-206.
Druce, S. C. (2020). Political impasse vs economic development: a history and analysis of the West Papua conflict in Indonesia. Managing conflicts in a globalizing ASEAN: incompatibility management through good governance, 89-116.
Grindle, M. S. (1996). Challenging the State: crisis and innovation in Latin America and Africa. Cambridge University Press.
Hadiprayitno, I. I. (2017). The limit of narratives: ethnicity and indigenous rights in Papua, Indonesia. international journal on minority and group rights, 24(1), 1-23.
Hill, M., & Hupe, P. (2021). Implementing public policy: An introduction to the study of operational governance. Sage.
Innes, J. E., & Booher, D. E. (2010). Planning with complexity: An introduction to collaborative rationality for public policy. Routledge.
Ndou, V. (2004). E-government for developing countries: Opportunities and challenges. Electron. J. Inf. Syst. Dev. Ctries., 18(1), 1-24.
Rahman, B., Akmal, M., Muzaffarsyah, T., & Agustina, S. U. (2022, December). Implementation of Child Protection Policy in Lhokseumawe City. In Proceedings of International Conference on Social Science, Political Science, and Humanities (ICoSPOLHUM) (Vol. 3, pp. 00012-00012).
Schofield, J. (2001). Time for a revival? Public policy implementation: a review of the literature and an agenda for future research. International Journal of Management Reviews, 3(3), 245-263.
Videira, N., Antunes, P., Santos, R., & Lopes, R. (2010). A participatory modelling approach to support integrated sustainability assessment processes. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 27(4), 446-460.
Widjojo, M. S., Elizabeth, A., Al Rahab, A., Pamungkas, C., & Dewi, R. (2010). Papua road map: Negotiating the past, improving the present, and securing the future. Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
