The Role of Financial Performance in Mediating the Economic Effects of Diversification on Sustainability Outcomes

Authors

  • Fitriani Sardju Universitas Khairun
  • Kasim Sinen Universitas Khairun
  • Nurul Fajriyanti Universitas Khairun
  • Ismul Aksan Universitas Khairun

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37385/ijedr.v6i4.7640

Keywords:

Diversification, Financial Performance, Sustainability Performance

Abstract

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of diversification on sustainability performance, with financial performance acting as a mediating variable. The research was conducted on Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS) in Indonesia that were registered with the Financial Services Authority (OJK) during the period 2020–2022. The sampling method employed was purposive sampling. This study is motivated by previous research on the performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia, which has predominantly focused on financial or business outcomes. In response, several international scholars in Islamic banking have proposed a more comprehensive approach to measuring performance through the Islamicity Performance Index. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with the assistance of WarpPLS 7.0 software. The findings reveal that diversification has a direct effect on sustainability performance and also exerts an indirect effect through financial performance as a mediating variable. Sustainability performance represents a crucial first step toward proactive innovation for Islamic banks, enabling them to enhance their competitiveness in an increasingly dynamic banking sector. Diversification serves as a strategic effort to improve the sustainability performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia. The main limitation of this study is the relatively short observation period and the narrow focus on Islamic banks, which still represent a small segment of the financial industry. Future research is recommended to expand the sample to include other Sharia-based companies across various sectors.

References

Aini, N., & Suripto. (2024). Pengaruh keberagaman gender, diversifikasi bisnis, dan corporate social responsibility terhadap kinerja keuangan dengan good corporate governance sebagai variabel pemoderasi. Jurnal Revenue: Jurnal Akuntansi, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.46306/rev.v5il.465

Almaqtari, M., & Ahmad, N. (2024). The effect of adopting sustainable development goals on the financial performance of Islamic and conventional banks. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-02-2024-0058

Andraeny, D., & Putri, D. D. (2017). Islamicity Financial Performance Index in Indonesian Islamic Banks. Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business, 2(3), 2503–4243.

Candra Ningluthfi, A., & Nurohman, Y. A. (2024). Sustainability disclosures and financial performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia. Al-Muzara’ah, 13, 45–59.

Febriyane, N., Burhany, D. I., Sumiyati, & Dahtiah, N. (2023). Enhancing financial performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia: The mediating effect of green banking disclosure on corporate governance practices. Indonesian Journal of Economics and Management, 3(3), 495–508.

Fitriani, A. P., Sutrisno, & Rahman, A. F. (2018). Analyzing factors that influence Syariah commercial bank financial performance in Indonesia based on Syariah Enterprise Theory (SET) perspective. Jurnal Akuntansi, 22(2), 192–209.

Han, J., & Chen, S. (2025). Islamic corporate sustainability practices index aligned with SDGs. Journal of Cleaner Production, 410, Article 138512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138512

Jan, A., Marimuthu, M., Hassan, R., & Mehreen. (2019). Sustainable business practices and firm’s financial performance in Islamic banking: Under the moderating role of Islamic corporate governance. Sustainability, 11(23), Article 6606. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236606

Jeandry, G., & Fajriyanti, N. (2023). Financial performance as mediation is influenced by diversification and intellectual capital on sustainability performance. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 12(3), 345–352. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v12i3.2483

Kabir, R., & Qayum, A. (2016). CSR expenditure and bank’s financial performance: A comparative study on Islamic banks of Bangladesh. International Scholar Journal of Accounting and Finance, 2(2), 1–12.

Lin, J., & Qamruzzaman, M. (2023). The impact of environmental disclosure and the quality of financial disclosure on firm performance: Does corporate governance ensure sustainability? Frontiers in Environmental Science, 11, Article 1002357. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1002357

Malik, M., & Qureshi, M. A. (2024). Exploring the nexus of sustainability practices and financial performance in Islamic banking. Journal of Cleaner Production, 380, Article 135712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135712

Malini, H. (2021). Islamic bank sustainability in Indonesia: Value and financial performances based on social responsibility and green finance. Cepalo Journal, 5(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.25041/cepalo.v5no2.2360

Masruroh, M. (2018). Diversifikasi pembiayaan sebagai upaya peningkatan profitabilitas di bank syariah. Al-Tijary: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, 3(2), 117–130.

Mendonca, P. R., & Luzzi, A. (2013). Diversification as a sustainable growth strategy in the packaging market: Case study of a Brazilian company, Impacta S/A Industria e Comercio. Journal on Innovation and Sustainability, 4(2), 61–81.

Muneer, S., Singh, A., Choudhary, M. H., Alshammari, A. S., & Butt, N. A. (2025). Does environmental disclosure and corporate governance ensure the financial sustainability of Islamic banks? Administrative Sciences, 15(2), 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15020054

Platonova, E., Asutay, M., Dixon, R., & Mohammad, S. (2016). The impact of corporate social responsibility disclosure on financial performance: Evidence from the GCC Islamic banking sector. Journal of Business Ethics, July, 1–21.

Qoyum, A., Sakti, M. R. P., Thaker, H. M. T., & AlHashfi, R. U. (2022). Does the Islamic label indicate good ESG performance? Evidence from Sharia-compliant firms in Indonesia and Malaysia. Borsa Istanbul Review, 22(2), 306–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2022.03.005

Salem, M. R. M., Shahimi, S., & Alma’amun, S. (2024). Does mediation matter in explaining the relationship between ESG and bank financial performance? Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 17(8), 350. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17080350

Sendi, A., Banna, H., Hassan, M. K., & Huq, T. I. (2024). The effect of ESG scores on bank stability: Islamic vs. conventional banks. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2024.113249

Sundari, C. N. A., & Nurohman, Y. A. (2024). Islamic green banking and its role in achieving sustainable development goals in Indonesia. Sustainability, 16(8), Article 1234. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16081234

Tommaso, C. D., & Thornton, J. (2020). Do ESG scores affect bank risk-taking and value? Evidence from European banks. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(5), 2286–2298. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1950

Downloads

Published

2025-06-11

How to Cite

Sardju, F., Sinen, K., Fajriyanti, N., & Aksan, I. (2025). The Role of Financial Performance in Mediating the Economic Effects of Diversification on Sustainability Outcomes. International Journal of Economics Development Research (IJEDR), 6(4), 1416–1428. https://doi.org/10.37385/ijedr.v6i4.7640