Dinamika Kewirausahaan UMKM Dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Perekonomian Nasional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37385/msej.v7i2.10308Keywords:
Kewirausahaan UMKM; ketahanan ekonomi; transformasi digital; inklusi keuangan; Indonesia.Abstract
Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) merupakan tulang punggung perekonomian Indonesia melalui penciptaan lapangan kerja, stabilisasi pendapatan, dan keberlanjutan aktivitas ekonomi saat terjadi guncangan. Sejalan dengan prioritas pembangunan nasional, termasuk agenda Asta Cita, studi ini mensintesis bukti empiris mengenai dinamika kewirausahaan UMKM dan kontribusinya terhadap ketahanan perekonomian nasional periode 2020–2024. Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dilakukan dengan kerangka PRISMA 2020 untuk meningkatkan transparansi dan replikasi. Penelusuran dilakukan pada Scopus, Google Scholar, SINTA, dan Garuda. Setelah proses penyaringan dan uji kelayakan, 31 artikel bereputasi dianalisis menggunakan sintesis naratif dan analisis tematik. Hasil menunjukkan UMKM berjiwa wirausaha berperan sebagai peredam guncangan ekonomi melalui penyerapan tenaga kerja, pembentukan pendapatan, serta stabilisasi ekonomi lokal. Transformasi digital berulang kali dikaitkan dengan peningkatan daya saing dan resiliensi, karena memperluas akses pasar, meningkatkan efisiensi, dan mempercepat adaptasi saat disrupsi. Akses pembiayaan, bersama literasi keuangan, menjadi penentu keberlanjutan usaha. Dukungan pemerintah—regulasi, penguatan kapasitas, serta infrastruktur digital dan logistik—memperkuat ekosistem kewirausahaan dan memperbesar dampak makro UMKM. Kajian ini menegaskan perlunya kebijakan terpadu: digitalisasi, pembiayaan inklusif, literasi keuangan, dan tata kelola kolaboratif. Studi ini juga menyoroti celah riset tentang disparitas wilayah, gender, dan risiko iklim bagi UMKM. Implikasinya, program pendampingan perlu berbasis data, terukur, dan menyasar sektor paling rentan di daerah.
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