Otoritas Privat Penyedia Indeks Dan Stabilitas Pasar Berkembang: Guncangan Kelayakan Investasi MSCI, Stres Likuiditas IHSG, Dan Reformasi Transparansi Di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37385/msej.v7i4.10595Keywords:
MSCI; ISHG; trading halt; kelayakan investasi; transparansi free floatAbstract
Meningkatnya investasi berbasis indeks membuat penilaian penyedia indeks global berfungsi sebagai sinyal yang mengoordinasikan ekspektasi pelaku pasar lintas negara. Studi ini bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana sinyal tata kelola indeks dari Morgan Stanley Capital International memicu guncangan kelayakan investasi yang berujung pada dislokasi harga dan stres likuiditas di pasar ekuitas Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus, yang dioperasionalisasikan melalui penelusuran proses berbasis mekanisme. Data dihimpun dari dokumen primer dan materi kebijakan, bukti pasar Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan dan indikator perdagangan intrahari, serta artefak wacana dan komunikasi publik dari media dan komentar pasar yang dapat ditelusuri. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa reaksi ekstrem muncul ketika pengumuman indeks dipersepsikan sebagai penurunan kelayakan investasi, bukan penyesuaian teknis semata. Legitimasi eksternal memperkuat ekspektasi penyesuaian portofolio berbasis indeks sehingga tekanan jual bergerak serempak. Secara paralel, narasi risiko tentang transparansi kepemilikan, porsi saham beredar publik, dan kualitas pembentukan harga memperbesar ketidakpastian, mempercepat perilaku mengikuti arus, dan menipiskan likuiditas hingga memicu penghentian perdagangan sementara serta mendorong reform kebijakan. Temuan ini menegaskan perlunya penguatan transparansi, integritas pengawasan perdagangan, dan tata kelola data kelayakan investasi untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pasar berkembang.
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