Analisis Pengaruh Faktor Afektif Dan Kognitif Terhadap Niat Menggunakan AI: Peran Mediasi Pengalaman Menggunakan AI Pada Mahasiswa Kewirausahaan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37385/m2xxkk19Keywords:
Kecerdasan Buatan, Keterampilan Kewirausahaan, Faktor Afektif, Efikasi Diri, Program Kewirausahaan.Abstract
Studi ini menganalisis bagaimana faktor afektif seperti kecemasan, efikasi diri, motivasi, dan berpikir kritis memengaruhi pengembangan keterampilan kewirausahaan melalui integrasi Kecerdasan Buatan (AI), dengan meneliti variasi antara paparan jangka pendek (<3 bulan) dan jangka panjang (>1 tahun). Temuan dari survei terhadap 344 mahasiswa di UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur mengungkapkan bahwa meskipun penggunaan AI awal memicu kecemasan, paparan jangka panjang secara signifikan meningkatkan efikasi diri, motivasi, dan berpikir kritis, dengan pengalaman lebih dari satu tahun menumbuhkan kepercayaan diri yang paling tinggi. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa durasi paparan AI merupakan penentu penting dalam menstabilkan faktor-faktor tersebut, menyoroti perlunya dukungan sejak dini untuk mengurangi kecemasan dan mempercepat pengembangan keterampilan.
References
ABAH, J. A., Terungwa, U. D., & Chinaka, T. W. (2025). Conceptualizing the Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Students’ Academic Integrity. Journal of Mathematics Instruction, Social Research and Opinion, 4(2), 257–290. https://doi.org/10.58421/misro.v4i2.383
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior.
Anthonysamy, L., & Singh, P. (2025). Investigating the Interplay of Academic Dishonesty, Open Book Exams Perception, Preference, And Student Outcomes from The Self-Efficacy Theory Perspective. Journal of Academic Ethics, 23(3), 1071–1095. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-024-09554-3
Bandura, A. (1994). Encyclopedia of mental health (Vol. 4). Academic Press. http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/BanEncy.html
Budhwar, P., Chowdhury, S., Wood, G., Aguinis, H., Bamber, G. J., Beltran, J. R., Boselie, P., Lee Cooke, F., Decker, S., DeNisi, A., Dey, P. K., Guest, D., Knoblich, A. J., Malik, A., Paauwe, J., Papagiannidis, S., Patel, C., Pereira, V., Ren, S., … Varma, A. (2023). Human resource management in the age of generative artificial intelligence: Perspectives and research directions on ChatGPT. Human Resource Management Journal, 33(3), 606–659. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12524
Chalmers, D., MacKenzie, N. G., & Carter, S. (2021). Artificial Intelligence and Entrepreneurship: Implications for Venture Creation in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 45(5), 1028–1053. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258720934581
Chiu, P. L., Li, H., Yap, K. Y. L., Lam, K. M. C., Yip, P. L. R., & Wong, C. L. (2023). Virtual Reality-Based Intervention to Reduce Preoperative Anxiety in Adults Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Network Open, 6(10). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.40588
Chiu, T. K. F. (2021). A Holistic Approach to the Design of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Education for K-12 Schools. TechTrends, 65(5), 796–807. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-021-00637-1
Chiu, T. K. F., Moorhouse, B. L., Chai, C. S., & Ismailov, M. (2023). Teacher support and student motivation to learn with Artificial Intelligence (AI) based chatbot. Interactive Learning Environments, 32(7), 3240–3256. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2172044
Cui, J., Sun, J., & Bell, R. (2021). The impact of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial mindset of college students in China: The mediating role of inspiration and the role of educational attributes. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 100296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2019.04.001
Davidsson, P., & Sufyan, M. (2023). What does AI think of AI as an external enabler (EE) of entrepreneurship? An assessment through and of the EE framework. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 20, e00413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2023.e00413
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 13(3), 319–339. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
Duong, C. D., Bui, D. T., Pham, H. T., Vu, A. T., & Nguyen, V. H. (2024). How effort expectancy and performance expectancy interact to trigger higher education students’ uses of ChatGPT for learning. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 21(3), 356–380. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITSE-05-2023-0096
Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, L., Ismagilova, E., Aarts, G., Coombs, C., Crick, T., Duan, Y., Dwivedi, R., Edwards, J., Eirug, A., Galanos, V., Ilavarasan, P. V., Janssen, M., Jones, P., Kar, A. K., Kizgin, H., Kronemann, B., Lal, B., Lucini, B., … Williams, M. D. (2021). Artificial Intelligence (AI): Multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information Management, 57, 101994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.08.002
Dwivedi, Y. K., Kshetri, N., Hughes, L., Slade, E. L., Jeyaraj, A., Kar, A. K., Baabdullah, A. M., Koohang, A., Raghavan, V., Ahuja, M., Albanna, H., Albashrawi, M. A., Al-Busaidi, A. S., Balakrishnan, J., Barlette, Y., Basu, S., Bose, I., Brooks, L., Buhalis, D., … Wright, R. (2023). Opinion Paper: “So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information Management, 71, 102642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642
Guerrero, M., & Walsh, G. S. (2024). How do entrepreneurs build a resilient and persistent identity? Re-examining the financial crisis impact. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 20(3), 1963–1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-023-00902-0
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Jintana, S., Boonlab, S., & Supromin, C. (2025). Enhancing digital-era entrepreneurial intentions: a strategic model for university students. Cogent Business & Management, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2025.2494293
Kaplan, A., & Haenlein, M. (2020). Rulers of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of artificial intelligence. Business Horizons, 63(1), 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2019.09.003
Kusetogullari, A., Kusetogullari, H., Andersson, M., & Gorschek, T. (2025). GenAI in Entrepreneurship a systematic review of generative artificial intelligence in entrepreneurship research: current issues and future directions Title Page (with Author Details).
Kusuma Wardani, C., & Usman, O. (2022). The Effect Of Self-Efficacy On The Utilization Of Mobile Banking With The Tam Approach On Fe Unj Students. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPEPA.007.x.x
Liu, C.-C., Liu, S.-J., Hwang, G.-J., Tu, Y.-F., Wang, Y., & Wang, N. (2023). Engaging EFL students’ critical thinking tendency and in-depth reflection in technology-based writing contexts: A peer assessment-incorporated automatic evaluation approach. Education and Information Technologies, 28(10), 13027–13052. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11697-6
Marangunić, N., & Granić, A. (2015). Technology acceptance model: a literature review from 1986 to 2013. Universal Access in the Information Society, 14(1), 81–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-014-0348-1
Monllor, P., Muelas, R., Roca, A., Bueso-Ródenas, J., Atzori, A. S., Sendra, E., Romero, G., & Díaz, J. R. (2021). Effect of the Short-Term Incorporation of Different Proportions of Ensiled Artichoke By-Product on Milk Parameters and Health Status of Dairy Goats. Agronomy, 11(8), 1649. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081649
Nambisan, S., Wright, M., & Feldman, M. (2019). The digital transformation of innovation and entrepreneurship: Progress, challenges and key themes. Research Policy, 48(8), 103773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2019.03.018
Nwosu, H. E., Obidike, P. C., Ugwu, J. N., Udeze, C. C., & Okolie, U. C. (2022). Applying social cognitive theory to placement learning in business firms and students’ entrepreneurial intentions. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(1), 100602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100602
Prameswara, Y. T. (2025). AIpreneurship: Membangun Kewirausahaan Berbasis Kecerdasan Buatan di Era Digital Bagi Mahasiswa. Jurnal Indonesia : Manajemen Informatika Dan Komunikasi, 6(1), 795–804. https://doi.org/10.35870/jimik.v6i1.1287
Puriwat, W., & Hoonsopon, D. (2022). Cultivating product innovation performance through creativity: the impact of organizational agility and flexibility under technological turbulence. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 33(4), 741–762. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-10-2020-0420
Rahmi, W. (2024). Analytical Study of Experiential Learning: Experiential Learning Theory in Learning Activities. EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 5(2), 115–126. https://doi.org/10.62775/edukasia.v5i2.1113
Ram, V., & Ganuthula, R. (2025). The Solo Revolution: A Theory of AI-Enabled Individual Entrepreneurship.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
Shepherd, D. A., & Majchrzak, A. (2022). Machines augmenting entrepreneurs: Opportunities (and threats) at the Nexus of artificial intelligence and entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 37(4), 106227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2022.106227
Short, C. E., & Short, J. C. (2023). The artificially intelligent entrepreneur: ChatGPT, prompt engineering, and entrepreneurial rhetoric creation. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 19, e00388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2023.e00388
Venkatesh, R., Raghuvaran, S., Vivekanandan, M., Kannan, C. R., Thirugnanasambandham, T., & Murugan, A. (2023). Evaluation of Thermal Adsorption and Mechanical Behaviour of Intralaminar Jute/Sisal/E-Glass Fibre-Bonded Epoxy Hybrid Composite as an Insulator. Adsorption Science & Technology, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9222562
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View. In Source: MIS Quarterly (Vol. 27, Number 3).
Wang, F., King, R. B., Chai, C. S., & Zhou, Y. (2023). University students’ intentions to learn artificial intelligence: the roles of supportive environments and expectancy–value beliefs. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00417-2
Ziane, H., & Khazzar, A. (2025). Artificial Intelligence in Management Studies (2021-2025): A Bibliometric Mapping of Themes, Trends, and Global Contributions. Hamza ZIANE & Abdelhafid KHAZZAR. Artificial Intelligence in Management Studies, 6(9), 62–80. www.ijafame.orgwww.ijafame.org
