Fenomena Zoom Fatigue terhadap Kinerja Karyawan yang Dipengaruhi oleh Kesehatan Karyawan PT Angkasa Pura I Bandar Udara Internasional Yogyakarta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37385/revfr206Keywords:
Zoom Fatigue, Employee Health, Employee Performance, Video Conferencing, PLS-SEM, Airport, Remote Work.Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh Zoom Fatigue terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan kesehatan karyawan sebagai variabel intervening di PT Angkasa Pura I Bandar Udara Internasional Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Sampel penelitian sebanyak 188 karyawan organik yang dipilih melalui teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner untuk variabel Zoom Fatigue dan kesehatan karyawan, serta data sekunder KPI individu dari Human Capital Information System (HCIS) perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Zoom Fatigue berada pada kategori cukup tinggi (66%) dengan indikator tertinggi pada kelelahan tubuh; (2) kesehatan karyawan berada pada kategori tinggi (73,57%) dengan tingkat konsentrasi sebagai aspek terendah; (3) kinerja karyawan mencatat rata-rata 3,65 dari skala 5,0, masih di bawah target perusahaan sebesar 4,00. Pengujian hipotesis mengungkapkan bahwa Zoom Fatigue berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan (β = -0,442; p < 0,001), namun tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesehatan karyawan (β = -0,029; p = 0,050). Kesehatan karyawan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja (β = 0,464; p < 0,001). Temuan penting penelitian ini adalah kesehatan karyawan tidak memediasi hubungan antara Zoom Fatigue dan kinerja (β = -0,014; p = 0,087), mengindikasikan bahwa dampak negatif Zoom Fatigue bersifat langsung melalui mekanisme kognitif-behavioral. Implikasi manajerial menekankan perlunya intervensi berbasis pengelolaan beban kognitif, seperti pembatasan durasi rapat daring dan peningkatan literasi digital karyawan.
References
Armstrong, M., & Baron, A. (2017). Performance management: Theory and practice. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development.
Bailenson, J. N. (2021). Nonverbal overload: A theoretical argument for the causes of Zoom fatigue. Technology, Mind, and Behavior, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1037/tmb0000030
Bloom, N., Davis, S. J., & Zhestkova, Y. (2021). COVID-19 shifted patent applications toward technologies that support working from home [Working paper]. University of Chicago, Becker Friedman Institute for Economics.
Chawla, A. (2020). Coronavirus (COVID-19) – 'Zoom' application boon or bane. https://www.businessofapps.com/insights/coronavirus-covid-19-zoom-application-boon-or-bane/
Christensen, J. O., Finne, L. B., Garde, A. H., Nielsen, M. B., Sørensen, K., & Vleeshouwes, J. (2020). The influence of digitalization and new technologies on psychosocial work environment and employee health: A literature review [Report]. STAMI.
Fauville, G., Luo, M., Queiroz, A. C. M., Bailenson, J. N., & Hancock, J. (2021). Zoom Exhaustion & Fatigue Scale. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 4, Article 100111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2021.100111
Fosslien, L., & Duffy, M. (2020, April 29). How to combat Zoom fatigue. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2020/04/how-to-combat-zoom-fatigue
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–152. https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202
Harnois, G., & Gabriel, P. (2000). Mental health and work: Impact, issues and good practices. World Health Organization.
Indonesian National Air Carriers Association. (2022). Customer Satisfaction Index Bandar Udara Indonesia.
International Labour Organization. (1995). Encyclopaedia of occupational health and safety (4th ed.). ILO Publications.
Iqbal, M. (2020). Zoom revenue and usage statistics. Business of Apps. https://www.businessofapps.com/data/zoom-statistics/
Lee, Y. (2019). Workplace health and its impact on human capital: Seven key performance indicators of workplace health. In Occupational health and safety. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85936
Mathis, R. L., & Jackson, J. H. (2008). Human resource management (12th ed.). South-Western Cengage Learning.
Milana, V. (2020). The impact of remote working on employees' work motivation & ability to work [Bachelor's thesis, Metropolia University of Applied Sciences].
Nussbaumer-Streit, B., Mayr, V., Dobrescu, A. I., Chapman, A., Persad, E., Klerings, I., Wagner, G., ... & Gartlehner, G. (2020). Quarantine alone or in combination with other public health measures to control COVID-19: A rapid review. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020(4), Article CD013574. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013574
Ohrnberger, J., Fichera, E., & Sutton, M. (2017). The relationship between physical and mental health: A mediation analysis. Social Science & Medicine, 195, 42–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.008
Riedl, R. (2022). On the stress potential of videoconferencing: Definition and root causes of Zoom fatigue. Electronic Markets, 32(1), 153–177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-021-00506-0
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational behavior (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
Rump, J., & Brandt, M. (2020). Zoom-Fatigue: Einleitung und Statistik. Institut für Beschäftigung und Employability.
Shoshan, H. N., & Wehrt, W. (2022). Understanding "Zoom fatigue": A mixed-method approach. Applied Psychology, 71(3), 827–852. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12360
Wiederhold, B. K. (2020). Connecting through technology during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: Avoiding "Zoom fatigue." Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 23(7), 437–438. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2020.29188.bkw
World Health Organization. (2000). Mental health and work: Impact, issues and good practices. WHO Press.
World Health Organization. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019
