Retraction, Withdrawal, and Correction Policy

The International Journal of Economics Development Research (IJEDR) is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics, research integrity, and scientific reliability. The journal ensures that all published articles are accurate, trustworthy, and free from academic misconduct. When errors, ethical concerns, or other issues are identified in published articles, IJEDR follows transparent procedures for retraction, withdrawal, and correction in accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines.

Retraction Policy

IJEDR may retract a published article under the following circumstances:

  • Fabrication, Falsification, or Unreliable Findings: The article contains fabricated or falsified data, manipulated results, or significant errors that invalidate the research findings.

  • Plagiarism: The manuscript includes plagiarized content from published or unpublished sources without proper attribution.

  • Duplicate or Redundant Publication: The article has been previously published or simultaneously submitted elsewhere without appropriate disclosure or editorial approval.

  • Unethical Research Practices: The research violates accepted ethical standards, including the absence of required ethical approval, informed consent, misuse of confidential data, or unethical treatment of research participants.

  • Undisclosed Conflicts of Interest: Significant competing interests that could have influenced the interpretation of the research were not disclosed by the authors.

  • Serious Violations of Publication Ethics: Including authorship manipulation, peer-review manipulation, citation manipulation, data fabrication, or any other form of publication misconduct.

When an article is retracted:

  • A formal retraction notice will be published and linked to the original article.

  • The reason(s) for retraction will be clearly explained.

  • The PDF version of the article will be clearly marked with a "Retracted" watermark.

  • The online version will remain available as part of the permanent scholarly record unless legal considerations require its removal.

  • Retraction notices will remain freely accessible to all readers.

Article Withdrawal Policy

A manuscript may be withdrawn before publication under the following conditions:

  • The authors request withdrawal before publication.

  • Significant scientific errors are identified during editorial screening or peer review.

  • Evidence of plagiarism, duplicate submission, fabricated data, authorship disputes, or other ethical violations is discovered.

  • The manuscript fails to comply with the journal's publication ethics or editorial policies.

To preserve the efficiency and sustainability of the editorial process, IJEDR discourages manuscript withdrawal after peer review has commenced. If authors request withdrawal after substantial editorial or peer-review work has been completed without a valid ethical or scientific justification, the Editorial Board reserves the right to impose an administrative withdrawal fee in accordance with the journal's policies to compensate for editorial and reviewer resources already utilized.

Withdrawn manuscripts will be recorded in the journal's editorial system but will not proceed to publication.

Correction Policy

IJEDR will publish corrections whenever necessary to preserve the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record. Corrections may be issued for:

  • Typographical or formatting errors that may affect readers' understanding.

  • Errors in figures, tables, references, author affiliations, acknowledgements, or funding information.

  • Authorship corrections following appropriate editorial investigation.

  • Updates to data, statistical analyses, methodology, or supplementary materials that do not invalidate the overall conclusions of the article.

Corrections will be published as an Erratum or Corrigendum, linked to the original article, and incorporated into the online version where appropriate. The correction notice will clearly identify the nature of the amendment.

Post-Publication Ethics and Appeals

Authors, reviewers, readers, or other stakeholders who identify potential ethical concerns regarding published articles may submit a formal complaint or appeal to the Editorial Office. All allegations will be evaluated fairly, confidentially, and objectively based on the available evidence and the COPE Core Practices.

Where necessary, IJEDR may consult independent experts or communicate with authors' institutions during investigations. Editorial decisions regarding corrections, withdrawals, or retractions will be based solely on scholarly evidence, publication ethics, and the journal's editorial policies.

Legal and Ethical Considerations

If an article must be removed because of legal requirements, including copyright infringement, court orders, defamation, privacy violations, confidentiality breaches, or other legal obligations, the full text may be removed from public access while preserving the article's bibliographic metadata whenever possible. A public notice explaining the reason for removal will replace the article on the journal website.

Through this policy, the International Journal of Economics Development Research (IJEDR) demonstrates its commitment to safeguarding the integrity, transparency, credibility, and long-term reliability of the scholarly record while protecting the interests of authors, reviewers, readers, policymakers, practitioners, and the wider international research community.